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Artist Information - Detailed View

Name

Oscar Howe

Alternate name:

Mazuha Hokshina

O. Howe

Heritage

Yanktonai

Gender

male

Dates

Lifespan

1915-1983

Date Note

birth date May 13 or 15, 1915; death date October 7, 1983

Birthplace

Joe Creek

South Dakota

Specialty / Medium

painting

casein painting

gouache painting

watercolor painting

tempera painting

mural

abstract painting

book illustration

teaching

art commission

External Remarks

Artist's file in Billie Jane Baguley Library and Archives, Heard Museum.

Artist represented in the Native American Artists Collection (RC62) of the Heard Museum Archives.

Bulk of artist information has been transferred to Document Case(s).

Artist’s physical folder is filed alphabetically in the Native American Artists Resource Collection under the following name:

Howe, Oscar

Artist's work is represented in the object collection of the Heard Museum

Exhibits

Dakota Modern: the Art of Oscar Howe. Portland Art Museum. Portland, Oregon. October 29, 2022 - May 14, 2023. Note: travelling exhibition accompanied by an exhibition catalog.
Dakota Modern: the Art of Oscar Howe. National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution. New York, New York. March 12, 2022 - September 11, 2022. Note: travelling exhibition with additional venues at the Portland Art Museum, Portland, Oregon, November 5, 2022-May 14, 2023; and the South Dakota Art Museum, Brookings, South Dakota, June 10, 2023-September 17, 2023. Accompanied by an exhibition catalog.
Remembering the Future: 100 Years of Inspiring Art. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. October 24, 2021 - January 2, 2023.
The Art of Ceremony: American Indian Painting in the 20th Century. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. February 4, 2011 - March 16, 2012.
Beautiful Resistance II. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. December 2005 - June 2006.
Beautiful Resistance: Works on Paper from the Heard Museum Collection. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. May 22, 2005 - December 2005.
Drawn from Memory: James T. Bialac Collection of Native American Art. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. February 24, 1996 - September 3, 1996.
American Indian Art Magazine 20th Anniversary Exhibit. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. August 1995 - March 1996.
Shared Visions: Native American Painters and Sculptors in the Twentieth Century. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. April 13, 1991 - July 28, 1991.
Oscar Howe Retrospective. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. December 18, 1982 - March 16, 1983.
100 Years of Native American Painting. The Oklahoma Museum of Art. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. March 5, 1978 - April 16, 1978.
National Endowment for the Arts. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. September 1974 - November 17, 1974. Note: exhibition title also cited as "Contemporary Indian Art"; exhibition was a joint venture between the National Endowment for the Arts and the Heard Museum purchase plan and local donors. Artists whose artworks are included based on the newspaper article "New Show Has Best of Modern Indian Art" by Marlan Miller, Phoenix Gazette Marquee Art, September 14, 1974, page 4, include Solomon McCombs, Allan Houser, Larry Golsh, Reginald D. Cuch, John Hoover, Douglas Hyde, Franklin Fireshaker, Oscar Howe, Caroline Maas, Wayne Eagleboy, George Morrison, Virginia Taylor, and Alfred Whiteman Jr.
Oscar Howe, Yankonai Sioux. Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. November 13, 1971 - December 5, 1971. Note: member's opening of an exhibition of paintings on November 12, 1971.
Oscar Howe. Gallery of Indian Art, Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona. September 1, 1964 - September 30, 1964.
1962 American Indian Artists Exhibition. Philbrook Art Center. Tulsa, Oklahoma. May 1, 1962 - May 31, 1962. Note: jury members include Dorothy Field Maxwell, Farmington, New Mexico; Roy Sieber, Iowa City, Iowa; and Joe H. Herrera, Santa Fe, New Mexico. Accompanied by an exhibition catalog.
Paintings by American Indians. California Palace of the Legion of Honor. San Francisco, California. January 27, 1962 - March 4, 1962.
1960 15th Annual National Competition American Indian Painting and Sculpture. Philbrook Art Center. Tulsa, Oklahoma. May 3, 1960 - June 2, 1960.
Indian Art on the Great Plains. Denver Art Museum. Denver, Colorado. September 17, 1956 - November 29, 1956. Note: held at the Chappell House, and supplemented with a publication titled, Indian Art of the Great Plains.
A Museum in Action. Newark Museum. Newark, New Jersey. October 31, 1944 - January 31, 1945. Note: organized by the Newark Museum with the assistance of Holger Cahill; Native artists include Awa Tsireh (Alfonso Roybal), O. Howe, Fred Kabotie, Ma-Pe-Wi (Velino Shije), Richard Martinez, Oqwa Pi (Abel Sanchez), Quah Ah (Tonita Pena), Juan Cruz Roybal, Tse-Ye-Mu (Romando Vigil), and Sybil Yazzie.

Fairs and Markets

1937 American Indian Exposition and Congress. American Indian Exposition. Tulsa, Oklahoma. October 21-23, 1937. Note: second annual.

Awards

1962 American Indian Artists Exhibition: Grand Purchase Award. Awarded for casein painting entitled. "Cunka Wakan Dance". Philbrook Art Center. Tulsa, Oklahoma. May 1962. Note: jury members include Dorothy Field Maxwell, Farmington, New Mexico; Roy Sieber, Iowa City, Iowa; and Joe H. Herrera, Santa Fe, New Mexico. Accompanied by an exhibition catalog.
1960 15th Annual National Competition American Indian Painting and Sculpture, Classification I - Regional Paintings, Plains Paintings: Second Place. Philbrook Art Center. Tulsa, Oklahoma.
May 3, 1960.

Publications

Found 53 record(s)

Citation	Pages	Publication Date	Artist Citation Notes	Website
Dockstader, Frederick J. "Oscar Howe and the Liberation of Indian Art." THE GILCREASE MAGAZINE OF AMERICAN HISTORY AND ART 4(October, 1982) 19-25.
. "Dakota Modern: the Art of Oscar Howe". National Museum of the American Indian, vol. 23, no. 1 (spring 2022). 2022.	35-41	2022
American Indian Artists Exhibition (17th : 1962 : Tulsa, Oklahoma). Seventeenth Annual American Indian Artists Exhibition, Philbrook Art Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma, May 1 through May 31, 1962. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Southwestern Art Association Board of Trustees; Philbrook Art Center. 1962.	cover art, catalog is not paginated	1962	Cover art is Oscar Howe's casein painting "Cunka Wakan Dance" which was awarded the Grand Purchase Award. \| Catalog of a juried exhibition with a foreword by Dr. Donald G. Humphrey, Director, Philbrook Art Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Jury members include Dorothy Field Maxwell, Farmington, New Mexico; Dr. Roy Sieber, Iowa City, Iowa, Center; and Joe H. Herrera, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
American Indian Exposition. American Indian Exposition and Congress, October 21, 22, 23, 1937, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Tulsa, Oklahoma: American Indian Exposition. 1937.	7	1937	Catalog of an exhibition and congress organized by American Indian Exposition. Sources and artists represented: Shawnee Agency: Ernest Spybuck, Bennie Jefferson; Marcellus Duncan; Herman Franklin; Osage Agency: Louis Haskell, Marian Revard, Russell Wagoshe, Mary Tall Chief; Kiowa artists: James Auchiah, Stephen Mopope, Spencer Asa; Agency of the Five Civilized Tribes: Cecil Dick, Tony Tonkilla; Navajo Service, Window Rock, Arizona: Andrew Tsinaijginnie; United States Indian School, Santa Fe: Allan Busheyhead, Oscar Howe, Mary Ellen, Ha-so-de, Helena Lo-Mo-Yes-Va, Tony Chapito, Clarence Guiterrez, Louis Naranjo, Juan B. Gutierrez, Jose D. Pecos, Otelateya, Santiago Romero, Joe H. Herrera, Thomas Thompson, Ca-Wa-Stu-Ma, Juan G. Swazo, Pete Vigil, Ultimio Vigil, Ka-Tside, Carlos Garcia, Eva Mirabel, Tonita Lujan, Eloisa Bernal, Pop-Chalee, James Tsoodle, Lorenzo Beard; Bacone College, Bacone: Richard West, Solomon McComb, Alfred Kodaseet, Juan Martinez, Willard Stone, Acee Blue Eagle, Wo
Andrews, John. "Ten 'Must See' South Dakota Paintings". In: South Dakota Magazine website (host URL: https://southdakotamagazine.com/) and source URL: https://southdakotamagazine.com/ten-south-dakota-paintings. 2009.		2009	Article online and posted circa 2011 on the South Dakota Magazine website (viewed November 23, 2017); features paintings by artists Oscar Howe, Bobby Penn, and Henry Payer, Jr. among others. This story is revised from the January/February 2009 issue of South Dakota Magazine.	View
Anthes, Bill. "Introduction to Painting, Printmaking, and Drawing". In: Passalacqua, Veronica, Kate Morris (editors), and James H. Nottage (compiler). Native Art Now! Developments in Contemporary Native American Art since 1992. Indianapolis, Indiana: Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians and Western Art. 2017.	17, 21-22, 25	2017	Includes bibliographical references and cites Native artists Harry Fonseca, Edgar Heap of Birds, Oscar Howe, Allan Houser, George Morrison, Kay WalkingStick, Jaune Quick-to-See Smith, Emmi Whitehorse, Kent Monkman, Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun, Jeffrey Gibson, Wendy Red Star, Melanie Yazzie, America Meredith, Pop Chalee, Jim Denomie, Acee Blue Eagle, David Bradley, George Longfish, James Lavadour, Robert Houle, Fritz Scholder, and T.C. Cannon. Host volume includes comprehensive index.
Archuleta, Margaret and Rennard Strickland. ~Shared Visions: Native American Painters and Sculptors in the Twentieth Century. Phoenix, Arizona: Heard Museum. 1991.	51, 89	1991	Catalog of an exhibition; includes essays by Joy L. Gritton and W. Jackson Rushing.
Ash-Milby, Kathleen. "Art Warriors and Wooden Indians : Despite Its Diverse Critical Range, A.i.A.'s 1972 Special Issue on Native Americans Overlooked a Wellspring of Creative Energy and Institution-Building Efforts in Indigenous Communities". Art in America, vol. 105, no. 9 (October 2017). 2017.	62	2017	Reproduces paintings by Fritz Scholder, Oscar Howe, Alex Janvier, and Kay WalkingStick.
Ash-Milby, Kathleen and Bill Anthes (editors). Dakota Modern: the Art of Oscar Howe. Washington, D.C.: National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution. 2022.		2022	Published in conjunction with the exhibition "Dakota Modern: the Art of Oscar Howe", on view at the Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian in New York from March 12, 2022 to September 11, 2022; the Portland Art Museum from November 5, 2022 to May 14, 2023; and the South Dakota Art Museum from June 10, 2023 to September 17, 2023.
Baker, James D., Herbert Howell, and Marie A. Cordero. New Mexico's Pueblo Baseball League. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. 2015.	25, 27	2015	Reproduction of two paintings by Oscar Howe that illustrate the game shinny and the game hoop and pole.
Bernstein, Bruce. ~With a View to the Southwest: Dorothy Dunn and a Story of American Indian Painting. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Museum of Indian Arts and Culture/Laboratory of Anthropology. 1995.		1995	Catalog of an exhibition held March 19, 1995-August 18, 1996.
Bernstein, Bruce and Jackson Rushing. ~Modern by Tradition: American Indian Painting in the Studio Style. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Museum of New Mexico Press. 1995.	24, plate 27	1995
Day, John A. "Oscar Howe". American Indian Art Magazine, vol. 21, no. 1 (winter 1995). 1995.	70-71	1995	Includes black and white portrait photograph of artist.
Denver Art Museum. Indian Art of the Great Plains. Denver, Colorado: Denver Art Museum. 1956.	14	1956	Supplement to an exhibition called "Indian Art on the Great Plains"; casein painting "Sioux Eagle Dancer" b y Oscar Howe reproduced on unnumbered page 14.
Dini, Jane (editor). Dance: American Art, 1830-1960. Detroit, Michigan: Detroit Institute of Arts. 2016.	16, 76-78	2016	Catalog was published in conjunction with the exhibition The Art of American Dance, Detroit Institute of Arts, March 20, 2016 - June 12, 2016; Denver Art Museum, July 10, 2016 - October 22, 2016; and Crystal Bridges Museum of Art, Bentonville, Arkansas, October 22, 201 - January 16, 2017. Native American artists cited in index include Awa Tsireh (Alfonso Roybal), Walter Bone Shirt, Dolores Purdy Corcoran, Harry Fonseca, Oscar Howe, Oqwa Pi (Abel Sanchez), Quah Ah (Tonita Peña), and Maria Tallchief.
Dockstader, Frederick J. (editor). Oscar Howe: a Retrospective Exhibition, Catalogue Raisonne. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Thomas Gilcrease Museum Association. 1982.		1982	Catalogue of a travelling exhibition with a venue at the Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona
Doughty, Elizabeth Lynn. Modern Individualism: Paintings by Oscar Howe before the Annual National Indian Painting Competition at the Philbrook Museum of Art, 1958. Eugene, Oregon: Department of Art History, University of Oregon. 2010.		2010	Thesis (Master of Arts), University of Oregon, Department of Art History, Eugene, Oregon, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Print-out on acid-free paper; also available online.	View
Douglas, Frederic H. and Rene d'Harnoncourt. Indian Art of the United States. New York, New York: Museum of Modern Art. 1941.	193	1941	Based on an exhibition which was prepared by the Indian Arts and Crafts Board of the United States Department of the Interior, under the direction of the General Manager, René d'Harnoncourt, in collaboration with Frederic H. Douglas, Curator of Indian Art of the Denver Art Museum, and Henry Klumb, Architect.
Dresch, Lisa Vande Vegte and Lois Sayre (compilers). Oscar Howe. Sioux Falls, South Dakota: Alpha Graphics. 2015.		2015	Second edition printing, June 2015; in series, A Look and Learn Book.
Dunn, Dorothy. Paintings by American Indians: a Memorial Exhibition Selected from the Collection of the Late William and Leslie Van Ness Denman. San Francisco, California: California Palace of the Legion of Honor. 1962.	unpaginated	1962	Catalog of an exhibition held January 27, 1962-March 4, 1962, California Palace of the Legion of Honor, San Francisco, California.
Farris, Phoebe. "Visual Power: 21st Century Native American Artists/Intellectuals". American Studies, vol. 46, no. 3-4 (fall/winter 2005). 2005.	254	2005	Article simultaneously appears in the continuation, Indigenous Studies Today: an International Journal, for issue 1 (fall 2005/spring 2006); and in the monograph Indigeneity at the Crossroads of American Studies as a contribution to an edited work. Includes bibliographical references.
Fur, Gunlög. Painting Culture, Painting Nature: Stephen Mopope, Oscar Jacobson, and the Development of Indian Art in Oklahoma. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. 2019.	239-241, 298	2019	Includes bibliographical references and index.
Green, Christopher. "Beyond Inclusion: Several Museums Are Now Displaying Indigenous Artifacts in Galleries of American Art, but This Gesture Doesn't Always Honor the Values of the Cultures that Created These Works". Art in America, vol. 107, no. 2 (February 2019). 2019.	72	2019	Includes bibliographical references.
Harnett, Joel. "James T. Bialac and His Collection". Native Peoples, vol. 14, no. 1 (November/December 2000). 2000.	72-74	2000
Harris, Alexandra N. "An American Modernist: Oscar Howe Fractured Stereotypes of Native Art". National Museum of the American Indian, vol. 23, no. 1 (spring 2022). 2022.	32-34	2022
Heard Museum. "Gallery of Indian Art". Heard Museum Notes, vol. 6, no. 1 (September-October 1964). 1964.	1	1964	Newsletter article.
Heard Museum. "Sioux Painter Oscar Howe to Attend Show Preview". Heard Museum Newsletter, vol. 12, no. 6 (November-December 1971). 1971.	1	1971	Newsletter article. One man show held at the Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona, November 13, 1971-December 5, 1971.
Henkes, Robert. ~Native American Painters of the Twentieth Century: the Works of 61 Artists. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 1995.	58-64	1995
Highwater, Jamake. ~The Sweet Grass Lives on, Fifty Contemporary North American Indian Artists. New York, New York: Lippincott & Crowell Publishers. 1980.	114-118	1980
Highwater, Jamake. Song from the Earth: American Indian Painting. Boston, Massachusetts: New York Graphic Society. 1976.	8, 74, 80, 83-85, 117, 123, 130, 149-157, 172, 179	1976	Includes bibliographical references and index.
Hoxie, Frederick E. (editor). The Oxford Handbook of American Indian History. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. 2016.	453-454, 458, 462	2016	Includes essays by various authors, bibliographical references, and index.
Hunt, David C. and Marsha V. Gallagher. Legacy of the West. Omaha, Nebraska: Center for Western Studies, Joslyn Art Museum. 1982.	65-66	1982	Catalog of the core of the Joslyn Art Museum's Western American art collection. Includes works by the following Native artists, Oscar Howe (b. 1915), Duane Wolf Robe Hunt (1905-1977), George Campbell Keahbone (b. 1916), Julian Martinez (1897-1943), Maria Martinez, Solomon McCombs (1913-1980), Tonita Pena (1895-1949), Pablita Velarde (b. 1918), and Walter Richard West (b. 1912).
Jacobson, O.B. and Oscar Howe (illustrator). North American Indian Costumes (1564-1950). Nice, France: Edition d'art C. Szwedzicki. 1952.		1952	This two volume portfolio volume contains 50 illustrations by the noted Native American artist Oscar Howe (Mazuha Hokshina). A Yanktonai Dakota artist trained at the Studio of Santa Fe Indian School, the Dakota Wesleyan University, and the University of Oklahoma, Howe is perhaps best known for his 1940s, New Deal-era Works Progress Administration (WPA) murals. Jacobson, a collector of Native American art and director of the University of Oklahoma's School of Art, provides a brief introductory essay on indigenous dress, along with lengthy captions for each plate, incorporating specific cultural and historical information. The plates were printed in the pochoir manner, which emphasizes Howe's clean lines and bright colors.
King, Jeanne Snodgrass (guest curator). Drawn from Memory: the James T. Bialac Painting Collection of Native American Art. Phoenix, Arizona: Heard Museum. 1996.	20	1996	Catalog of an exhibition held at the Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona, February 24, 1996-September 3, 1996.
Lester, Patrick D. ~The Biographical Directory of Native American Painters. Tulsa, Oklahoma: SIR Publications. 1995.	249-251	1995	Includes tribal index and bibliographical references.
Lukavic, John P. "Tee Cee: the IAIA Years". In: Marshall, Ann E. and Diana F. Pardue (editors). Of God and Mortal Men: T.C. Cannon. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Museum of New Mexico Press in association with the Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona. 2017.	58	2017	Includes bibliographical notes.
Marshall, Ann E. "Inviting Change: the Heard Museum Invitationals' Context for Cannon". In: Marshall, Ann E. and Diana F. Pardue (editors). Of God and Mortal Men: T.C. Cannon. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Museum of New Mexico Press in association with the Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona. 2017.	78, 80	2017
Matuz, Roger (editor). ~St. James Guide to Native North American Artists. Detroit, Michigan: St. James Press. 1997.	242-244	1997
Miller, Marlan. "New Show Has Best of Modern Indian Art". Phoenix Gazette, Saturday, September 14, 1974. 1974.	4	1974	Newspaper article on the Heard Museum exhibition with common title "National Endowment for the Arts" held September 1974-November 17, 1974. Artists cited include Solomon McCombs, Allen [that is, Allan] Houser, Larry Golsh, Reginald D. Cuch, John Hoover, Douglas Hyde, Franklin Fireshaker, Oscar Howe, Caroline Mass [that is, Caroline Maas], Wayne Eagleboy, George Morrison, Virginia Taylor, and Alfred Whiteman Jr. Appears in the "Marquee Art" section of the host newspaper.
Morez, Mary. "Oscar Howe Retrospective, December 18, 1982-March 16, 1983". Heard Museum Newsletter, vol. 26, no. 2 (November/December 1982). 1982.	1, 3	1982	Newsletter article.
Newark Museum and Holger Cahill (writer of introduction). A Museum in Action: Presenting the Museum's Activities: Catalogue of an Exhibition of American Paintings and Sculpture from the Museum's Collections. Newark, New Jersey: Newark Museum. 1944.	56, 147, 178	1944	Catalogue of the exhibition, "A Museum in Action" organized by the Newark Museum with the assistance of Holger Cahill, held the Newark Museum, Newark, New Jersey, October 31, 1944-January 31, 1945. Cover title: American Paintings and Sculpture. Native artists included, with biography, include Awa Tsireh (Alfonso Roybal), O. Howe, Fred Kabotie, Ma-Pe-Wi (Velino Shije), Richard Martinez, Oqwa Pi (Abel Sanchez), Quah Ah (Tonita Pena), Juan Cruz Roybal, Tse-Ye-Mu (Romando Vigil), and Sybil Yazzie.
Petersen, Karen Daniels with introduction by John C. Ewers. Howling Wolf: a Cheyenne Warrior's Graphic Interpretation of His People. Palo Alto, California: American West Publishing Company. 1968.	17, 19	1968	Includes bibliographical references.
Raabe, Martha and Oscar Howe (illustrator). The Little Lost Sioux. Chicago, Illinois: Albert Whitman & Company. 1942.		1942	Juvenile fiction.
Rosenthal, Nicolas G. "Painting Native America in Public: American Indian Artists and the New Deal". American Indian Culture and Research Journal, vol. 42, no. 3 (2018). 2018.	47-70	2018	Includes bibliographical references.
Rushing, W. Jackson, III. Generations in Modern Pueblo Painting: the Art of Tonita Peña and Joe Herrera. Norman, Oklahoma: Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art. 2018.	35	2018	Catalog of the exhibition "Generations in Modern Pueblo Painting" at the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art, Norman, Oklahoma, January 26, 2018 - April 8, 2018. Includes bibliographical references.
Sasse, Julie. Southwest Rising: Contemporary Art and the Legacy of Elaine Horwitch. Scottsdale, Arizona: Cattle Track Press. 2020.	139	2020	Co-published by the Tucson Museum of Art, Tucson, Arizona. Includes bibliographical references and index.
Silberman, Arthur. 100 Years of Native American Painting, March 5-April 16, 1978, the Oklahoma Museum of Art, Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: Oklahoma Museum of Art. 1978.	50-51	1978	Introduction by Jamake Highwater.
Snodgrass, Jeanne O. (compiler). ~American Indian Painters: a Biographical Directory. New York, New York: Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. 1968.	81-82	1968	Issued as vol. 21, part 1 in the series, Contributions from the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation
Stoodley, Sheila Gibson. "Southwest Spice Blend: the Art Offerings in Santa Fe This Summer Are Incredibly Diverse, with Something for Every Taste". Art & Antiques (New York, N.Y. : 1984), vol. 42, no. 7 (July/August 2019). 2019.	85	2019	Features color reproduction of Oscar Howe's casein on paper entitled "Medicine Man".
Taylor, Sue. "[Exhibition review of] 'Oscar Howe', Portland, Oregon". Art in America, vol. 111, no. 2 (March 2023). 2023.	94-95	2023	Exhibition review of the travelling exhibition "Dakota Modern: the Art of Oscar Howe" held Portland Art Museum, Portland, Oregon, October 29, 2022-May 14, 2023.
Wade, Edwin L. (editor) and Carol Haralson (coordinating editor). ~The Arts of the North American Indian: Native Traditions in Evolution. New York, New York: Hudson Hills Press. 1986.	18, 193-194, 196-197, 222-225, 231, 238, 268, 271, 276-277, 303	1986	Published in association with Philbrook Art Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Includes bibliographical references (pages 311-317) and index.
WalkingStick, Kay and Ann E. Marshall. So Fine! Masterworks of Fine Art from the Heard Museum. Phoenix, Arizona: Heard Museum. 2001.	40	2001	Catalog of an exhibition
Wikipedia contributors. "Oscar Howe". In: Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia (host URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/) at source URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Howe. 2004.		2004	Current entry on Oscar Howe in Wikipedia (viewed October 1, 2018)	View

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Native American Artists Resource Collection Online